SELECT 
  a.modifier, 
  a.modifier_type, 
  a.variant_id 
FROM 
  cscart_product_option_variants a 
WHERE 
  1 
  AND a.variant_id IN (5655, 5714)

Query time 0.00035

JSON explain

{
  "query_block": {
    "select_id": 1,
    "table": {
      "table_name": "a",
      "access_type": "range",
      "possible_keys": ["PRIMARY"],
      "key": "PRIMARY",
      "key_length": "3",
      "used_key_parts": ["variant_id"],
      "rows": 2,
      "filtered": 100,
      "attached_condition": "a.variant_id in (5655,5714)"
    }
  }
}

Result

modifier modifier_type variant_id
0.000 A 5655
0.000 A 5714